NOTE -- The georeferenced TIFF image named "cdl_awifs_r_in_2008.tif" that was created by the USDA is identical to the georeferenced TIFF image named "CROPS_2008_USDA_IN.TIF" that is distributed by the Indiana Geological Survey (IGS). Only the filename and metadata have been modified to conform to IGS conventions.
"The USDA, NASS Cropland Data Layer (CDL) is a raster, geo-referenced, crop-specific land cover data layer with a ground resolution of 56 meters. The CDL is produced using satellite imagery from the Indian Remote Sensing RESOURCESAT-1 (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) collected during the current growing season. Ancillary classification inputs include: the United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Elevation Dataset (NED), the USGS National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 meter 16 day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) composites. Agricultural training and validation data are derived from the Farm Service Agency (FSA) Common Land Unit (CLU) Program. The NLCD 2001 is used as non-agricultural training and validation data. The strength and emphasis of the CDL is agricultural land cover. Please note that no farmer reported data are derivable from the Cropland Data Layer."
"The purpose of the Cropland Data Layer Program is to use satellite imagery to (1) provide acreage estimates to the Agricultural Statistics Board for the state's major commodities and (2) produce digital, crop-specific, categorized geo-referenced output products.
"These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the state level. The cropland data layers are provided "as is." USDA/NASS does not warrant results you may obtain using the data."
"USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service 2008 Indiana Cropland Data Layer
CLASSIFICATION INPUTS: AWIFS DATE 20080406 PATH 277 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40BD 45B
AWIFS DATE 20080415 PATH 274 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40BD 45BD 50B
AWIFS DATE 20080416 PATH 279 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40BD 45B
AWIFS DATE 20080430 PATH 277 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40BD 45BD 50B
AWIFS DATE 20080505 PATH 278 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 35D 40BD 45BD
AWIFS DATE 20080524 PATH 277 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40BD
AWIFS DATE 20080529 PATH 278 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 35D 40BD 45B
AWIFS DATE 20080701 PATH 275 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 35D 40BD 45D 50B
AWIFS DATE 20080711 PATH 277 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40AD 45ABC 50A
AWIFS DATE 20080716 PATH 278 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 35CD 40ABCD 45ABCD
AWIFS DATE 20080717 PATH 283 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 45ACD
AWIFS DATE 20080731 PATH 281 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40AC
AWIFS DATE 20080810 PATH 283 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40C 45D 50B
AWIFS DATE 20080823 PATH 276 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40D 45B
AWIFS DATE 20080901 PATH 273 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 35D 40BD 45B
AWIFS DATE 20080902 PATH 278 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 35D 40BD
AWIFS DATE 20080911 PATH 275 ROW(S)&QUADRANT(S) 40B 45D 50B
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20071016
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20071101
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080406
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080508
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080524
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080609
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080711
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080727
MODIS 16 DAY NDVI COMPOSITE DATE 20080812
USGS, NATIONAL ELEVATION DATASET ELEVATION
USGS, NATIONAL LAND COVER DATASET 2001 TREE CANOPY
USGS, NATIONAL LAND COVER DATASET 2001 IMPERVIOUSNESS
TRAINING AND VALIDATION:
USDA, FARM SERVICE AGENCY 2008 COMMON LAND UNITS
USGS, NATIONAL LAND COVER DATASET 2001
NOTE: The final extent of the CDL is clipped to the state boundary even though the raw input data may encompass a larger area."
"The USDA, NASS Cropland Data Layer is provided to the public as is and is considered public domain and free to redistribute. The USDA, NASS does not warrant any conclusions drawn from these data. If the user does not have software capable of viewing GEOTIF (.tif) or ERDAS Imagine (.img) file formats then we suggest using the freeware browser ESRI ArcReader. Visit their site at <http://www.esri.com/arcreader/> for more information."
INDIANA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DATA DISCLAIMER
This data set is provided by Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey, and contains data believed to be accurate; however, a degree of error is inherent in all data. This product is distributed "AS-IS" without warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to warranties of suitability of a particular purpose or use. No attempt has been made in either the designed format or production of these data to define the limits or jurisdiction of any federal, state, or local government.
These data are intended for use only at the published scale or smaller and are for reference purposes only. They are not to be construed as a legal document or survey instrument. A detailed on-the-ground survey and historical analysis of a single site may differ from these data.
CREDIT
It is requested that the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), be cited in any products generated from this data set. The following source citation should be included: [CROPS_2008_USDA_IN: Crops in Indiana for 2008, Derived from National Agricultural Statistics Service (United States Department of Agriculture, 1:100,000, 56-Meter TIFF Image)].
WARRANTY
Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey warrants that the media on which this product is stored will be free from defect in materials and workmanship for ninety (90) days from the date of acquisition. If such a defect is found, return the media to Publication Sales, Indiana Geological Survey, 611 North Walnut Grove, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-2208, and it will be replaced free of charge.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES AND LIABILITY
Except for the expressed warranty above, the product is provided "AS IS", without any other warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, warranties for product quality, or suitability to a particular purpose or use. The risk or liability resulting from the use of this product is assumed by the user. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey shares no liability with product users indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages whatsoever, including, but not limited to, loss of revenue or profit, lost or damaged data or other commercial or economic loss. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey is not responsible for claims by a third party. The maximum aggregate liability to the original purchaser shall not exceed the amount paid by you for the product.
"Please visit this internet site <http://www.nass.usda.gov/research/Cropland/metadata/meta.htm> to view the original metadata file.
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2008 Indiana Cropland Data Layer STATEWIDE AGRICULTURAL ACCURACY REPORT
Crop-specific covers only *Correct Accuracy Error Kappa
------------------------- ------- -------- ----- -----
OVERALL ACCURACY 1989361 95.05% 4.95% 0.9089
Cover Attribute *Correct Producer's Omission User's Commission Cond'l
Type Code Pixels Accuracy Error Kappa Accuracy Error Kappa
---- ---- ------ -------- ----- ----- -------- ----- -----
Corn 1 1014162 95.43% 4.57% 0.9091 96.98% 3.02% 0.9389
Sorghum 4 487 84.84% 15.16% 0.8483 34.51% 65.49% 0.3450
Soybeans 5 903874 95.36% 4.64% 0.9164 96.79% 3.21% 0.9416
Sunflowers 6 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Tobbaco 11 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Sweet corn 12 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Popcorn 13 4902 90.23% 9.77% 0.9017 38.74% 61.26% 0.3858
Barley 21 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Spring wheat 23 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Winter wheat 24 33380 86.41% 13.59% 0.8617 91.29% 8.71% 0.9113
Other grains 25 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
WW / Soybeans 26 28953 89.49% 10.51% 0.8932 83.95% 16.05% 0.8370
Rye 27 0 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Oats 28 0 0.00% 100.00% -0.0001 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Alfalfa 36 3016 76.78% 23.22% 0.7673 65.13% 34.87% 0.6506
Dry beans 42 89 96.74% 3.26% 0.9674 29.28% 70.72% 0.2927
Potatoes 43 26 86.67% 13.33% 0.8667 25.49% 74.51% 0.2549
Other crops 44 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00% 100.00% 0.0000
Misc. vegetables 47 201 68.37% 31.63% 0.6836 28.35% 71.65% 0.2834
Watermelon 48 112 69.14% 30.86% 0.6913 27.65% 72.35% 0.2765
Herbs 57 78 91.76% 8.24% 0.9176 18.22% 81.78% 0.1822
Clover / Wildflowers 58 24 40.00% 60.00% 0.4000 19.51% 80.49% 0.1951
Seed / Sod Grass 59 16 45.71% 54.29% 0.4571 10.81% 89.19% 0.1081
Idle / Fallow / Flooded** 61 41 5.67% 94.33% 0.0565 8.78% 91.22% 0.0875
*Correct Pixels represents the total number of independent validation pixels correctly identifed in the error matrix.
**In the 2008 Illinois Cropland Data Layer, category 61 represents drowned/flooded cropland in addition to idle and fallow cropland."
"The above accuracy assessment information is for agricultural land cover classes only. The accuracy of the non-agricultural land cover classes within the Cropland Data Layer is entirely dependent upon the USGS, National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD 2001). Thus, the USDA, NASS recommends that users consider the NLCD for studies involving non-agricultural land cover. For more information on the accuracy of the NLCD please reference <http://www.mrlc.gov/>.
"Classification accuracy is generally between 85 [percent] to 95 [percent] correct for agricultural-related land cover categories."
"The Cropland Data Layer (CDL) has been produced using training and independent validation data from the Farm Service Agency (FSA) Common Land Unit (CLU) Program (agricultural data) and United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001). More information about the FSA CLU Program can be found at <http://www.fsa.usda.gov/>. More information about the NLCD 2001 can be found at <http://www.mrlc.gov/>."
"The entire state of Indiana is included in this data set."
"The AWiFS satellite imagery is purchased in an orthorectified and projected format. The Cropland Data Layer retains the spatial attributes of the input AWiFS imagery.
"The AWiFS imagery used in the production of the Cropland Data Layer is purchased with an orthorectified level of processing. Thus, the CDL will retain the input imagery's positional accuracy of 60 meters at the circular error at the 90 percent confidence level (CE90). CE90 is a standard metric often used for horizontal accuracy in map products and can be interpreted as 90% of well-defined points tested must fall within a certain radial distance."
NOTE -- The georeferenced Tiff image named "CDL_AWIFS_R_IN_2008.tif" that was created by the USDA is identical to the georeferenced TIFF image named "CROPS_2008_USDA_IN.TIF" that is distributed by the Indiana Geological Survey. Only the filename and metadata have been modified to conform to IGS conventions.
"OVERVIEW: The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) Program is a unique agricultural-specific land cover geospatial product that is reproduced annually in participating states. The CDL Program builds upon NASS' traditional crop acreage estimation program and integrates Farm Service Agency (FSA) grower-reported field data with satellite imagery to create an unbiased statistical estimator of crop area at the state and county level for internal use. It is important to note that the internal acreage estimates produced using the CDL are not simple pixel counting. It is more of an 'Adjusted Census by Satellite.'
"SOFTWARE: Leica Geosystems ERDAS Imagine is used in the pre- and post- processing of all raster-based data. ESRI ArcGIS is used to prepare the vector-based training and validation data. Rulequest See5.0 is used to create a decision tree based classifier. The NLCD Mapping Tool is used to apply the See5.0 decision-tree via ERDAS Imagine.
"DECISION TREE CLASSIFIER: This Cropland Data Layer used the decision tree classifier approach. Using a decision tree classifier is a departure from older versions of the CDL which were created using in-house software (Peditor) based upon a maximum likelihood classifier approach. Check the 'Process Description' section of the specific state and year metadata file to verify the methodology used. Decision trees offer several advantages over the more traditional maximum likelihood classification method. The advantages include being: 1) non-parametric by nature and thus not reliant on the assumption of the input data being normally distributed, 2) efficient to construct and thus capable of handling large and complex data sets, 3) able to incorporate missing and non-continuous data, and 4) able to sort out non-linear relationships.
"GROUND TRUTH: As with the maximum likelihood method, decision tree analysis is a supervised classification technique. Thus, it relies on having a sample of known ground truth areas in which to train the classifier. Older versions of the CDL (prior to 2006) utilized ground truth data from the annual June Agricultural Survey (JAS). Beginning in 2006, the CDL utilizes the very comprehensive ground truth data provided from the FSA Common Land Unit (CLU) Program as a replacement for the JAS data. The FSA CLU data have the advantage of natively being in a GIS and containing magnitudes more of field level information. Disadvantages include that it is not truly a probability sample of land cover and has bias toward subsidized program crops. Additional information about the FSA data can be found at <http://www.fsa.usda.gov/>.
"INPUTS: The CDL is produced using satellite imagery from the Indian Remote Sensing RESOURCESAT-1 (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) collected during the current growing season. NASS acquires AWiFS imagery for CDL production states from April 1 through September 30 of the current growing season through a cooperative agreement with the USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), International Production Assessment (IPA) unit. Ancillary inputs include; the United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Elevation Dataset (NED), the USGS National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 meter 16 day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) composites.
"ACCURACY: The accuracy of the land cover classifications are evaluated using independent validations data sets generated from the FSA CLU data (agricultural categories) and the NLCD 2001 (non-agricultural categories). The Producer's Accuracy is generally 85% to 95% correct for the major crop-specific land cover categories. See the 'Attribute Accuracy Report' section of this metadata file for the full accuracy report. The official DVD contains additional accuracy assessment information that is not available through the Geospatial Data Gateway in the form of an associated confidence layer. See the 'Attribute Accuracy Explanation' Section of this metadata file for more information on the confidence layer.
"PUBLIC RELEASE: The USDA, NASS Cropland Data Layer is considered public domain and free to redistribute. The data is available on DVD for the cost of reproduction through the official website at <http://www.nass.usda.gov/research/Cropland/SARS1a.htm>. The data is also available free for download through the Geospatial Data Gateway at <http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/>. See the 'Ordering Instructions' section of this metadata file for detailed download instructions. Please note that in no case are farmer reported data revealed or derivable from the public use Cropland Data Layer."
"The Cropland Data Layer (CDL) is produced using agricultural training data from the Farm Service Agency (FSA) Common Land Unit (CLU) Program and non-agricultural training data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001). The strength and emphasis of the CDL is crop-specific land cover categories. The accuracy of the CDL non-agricultural land cover classes are entirely dependent upon the NLCD. Thus, the USDA, NASS recommends that users consider the NLCD for studies involving non-agricultural land cover."
"If the following table does not display properly, then please visit this internet site <http://www.nass.usda.gov/research/Cropland/metadata/meta.htm> to view the original metadata file."
Data Dictionary: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2008 Indiana Cropland Data Layer
Source: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
The following is a cross reference list of the categorization codes and land covers. Note that not all land cover categories listed below will appear in an individual state.
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: ROW CROPS 1-20
Categorization Code Land Cover
"1" Corn
"2" Cotton
"3" Rice
"4" Sorghum
"5" Soybeans
"6" Sunflowers
"10" Peanuts
"11" Tobacco
"12" Sweet Corn
"13" Popcorn or Ornamental Corn
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: GRAINS,HAY,SEEDS 21-40
Categorization Code Land Cover
"21" Barley
"22" Durum Wheat
"23" Spring Wheat
"24" Winter Wheat
"25" Other Small Grains
"26" Winter Wheat/Soybeans Double-Cropped
"27" Rye
"28" Oats
"29" Millet
"30" Speltz
"31" Canola
"32" Flaxseed
"33" Safflower
"34" Rape seed
"35" Mustard
"36" Alfalfa
"37" Other Hays
"38" Camelina
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: OTHER CROPS 41-60
Categorization Code Land Cover
"41" Sugarbeets
"42" Dry Beans
"43" Potatoes
"44" Other Crops
"45" Sugarcane
"46" Sweet Potatoes
"47" Miscellaneous Vegetables & Fruit
"48" Watermelon
"49" Onions
"50" Pickles
"51" Chick Peas
"52" Lentils
"53" Peas
"56" Hops
"57" Herbs
"58" Clover/Wildflowers
"59" Seed/Sod Grass
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: OPEN NON-CROP 61-65
Categorization Code Land Cover
"61" Fallow/Idle/Flooded Cropland
"62" Grass/Pasture
"63" Woodland
"64" Shrubland
"65" Barren
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: TREE CROPS 66-80
Categorization Code Land Cover
"66" Cherry Orchards
"67" Peaches
"68" Apples
"69" Grapes
"70" Christmas Trees
"71" Other Tree Nuts
"72" Citrus
"73" Other Tree Fruit
"80" Other Non-Tree Fruit
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: OTHER NON-CROP 81-99
Categorization Code Land Cover
"81" Clouds
"82" Urban/Developed
"83" Water
"87" Wetlands
"92" Aquaculture
Raster Attribute Domain Values and Definitions: NLCD-DERIVED NON-CROP 100-195
Categorization Code Land Cover
"111" NLCD - Open Water
"112" NLCD - Perennial Ice, Snow
"121" NLCD - Developed/Open Space
"122" NLCD - Developed/Low Intensity
"123" NLCD - Developed/Medium Intensity
"124" NLCD - Developed/High Intensity
"131" NLCD - Barren
"141" NLCD - Deciduous Forest
"142" NLCD - Evergreen Forest
"143" NLCD - Mixed Forest
"152" NLCD - Shrubland
"171" NLCD - Grassland Herbaceous
"181" NLCD - Pasture/Hay
"182" NLCD - Cultivated Crop
"190" NLCD - Woody Wetlands
"195" NLCD - Herbaceous Wetlands
It is requested that the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), be cited in any products generated from this data set. The following source citation should be included: [CROPS_2008_USDA_IN: Crops in Indiana for 2008, Derived from National Agricultural Statistics Service (United States Department of Agriculture, 1:100,000, 56-Meter TIFF Image)].
WARRANTY
Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey warrants that the media on which this product is stored will be free from defect in materials and workmanship for ninety (90) days from the date of acquisition. If such a defect is found, return the media to Publication Sales, Indiana Geological Survey, 611 North Walnut Grove, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-2208, and it will be replaced free of charge.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES AND LIABILITY
Except for the expressed warranty above, the product is provided "AS IS", without any other warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, warranties for product quality, or suitability to a particular purpose or use. The risk or liability resulting from the use of this product is assumed by the user. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey shares no liability with product users indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages whatsoever, including, but not limited to, loss of revenue or profit, lost or damaged data or other commercial or economic loss. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey is not responsible for claims by a third party. The maximum aggregate liability to the original purchaser shall not exceed the amount paid by you for the product.
"The Cropland Data Layer is available free for download at <http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/>. To order a CD-ROM or DVD fill out the order form at <http://www.nass.usda.gov/research/Cropland/SARS1a.htm> and submit it either electronically (invoice will follow with the delivery) or mail the completed form with your check to: USDA/NASS Customer Service, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Room 5829-S, Washington DC 20250-9410. Please note 'Cropland Data Layer - (State and Year)' in the 'Memo' of your check. Checks should be made out to 'USDA, NASS'. Allow 1 week for delivery."
"Users of the Cropland Data Layer (CDL) are solely responsible for interpretations made from these products. The CDL is provided 'as is' and the USDA, NASS does not warrant results you may obtain using the Cropland Data Layer. Contact our staff at (HQ_RD_OD@nass.usda.gov) if technical questions arise in the use of the CDL. NASS does maintain a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's) section on the CDL website at <http://www.nass.usda.gov/research/Cropland/SARS1a.htm>."